@article {1324, title = {Tinospora Sinensis (Lour.) Merr. Stem Modulate The TNF-Alpha Expression In HCT- 116 Tumour Cell, Besides the Inhibitory Effect on Cervical, Colon and Breast Cancer Cell Lines and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37Rv}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {January 2021}, pages = {8-16}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {8}, abstract = {

Background: The present study was designed to evaluate TNF-Alpha experession, anticancer and antitubercular properties for the stem extracts of Tinospora sinensis (TS). Objective: natural product research is widely used for identifying hit molecules for life threatening diseases including cancer, tuberculosis and drug resistant infections. Materials and Methods: There were three polarity dependant solvent extracts obtained through cold maceration process using ethanol (ELTS), ethyl acetate (EATS) and n-hexane (NHTS), respectively. The extracts were subjected to MTT assay for their anticancer potential against HeLa (cervical cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and HCT116 (colon cancer) cell lines, and based on the results, NHTS was subjected to flow cytometry for TNF-Alpha expression in HCT-116 cells. The antitubercular activity for the extracts was performed against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (Mtb) by luciferase reporter phage (LPS) assay method. Results: The result of anticancer screening revealed that n-hexane extracts showed the significant inhibition (p\<0.05) on HCT-116 cells with the IC50 of 177.4 μg/ml, whereas EATS and ELTS were equally active on HeLa with the respective IC50 of 236 and 277 μg/ml. The NHTS was significantly effective on decreasing (P\<0.05) TNF-Alpha expression (31.27 MFU) in HCT-116 cells and is closely active with standard simvastatin (26.7 MFU) against the control (7.06 MFU). The antitubercular activity results revealed the equi-potency of both NHTS and EATS on Mtb with growth inhibition of 84 \% at 100μg/ml. The GC-MS analyses of NHTS confirmed the presence of Berberine, palmatine, tembertarine, magniflorine, choline and tinosporin. Conclusion: Overall, we scientifically support the traditional use Tinospora sinensis stem in the treatment of cancer and immune diseases.

}, keywords = {Anticancer, Antitubercular, HCT-116, Immunomodulatory, Tinospora sinensis, TNF-Alpha}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.2}, author = {Sreelakshmi Bada Venkatappa Gari and Ramalingam Peraman} } @article {690, title = {Macrophage Immunomodulatory Activity of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Isolated from the Crown-of-thorns Star Fish (acanthaster planci)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {August 2018}, pages = {951-957}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {951}, abstract = {

Introduction: Immunomodulator are chemical compounds that can improve the body\’s defense mechanisms both specific and non-specific, and non-specific induction of both cellular and humoral defense mechanisms. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate immunomodulator activity and to identify the chemical constituents of active fractions from star fish Acanthaster planci, based on bioassay guided isolation. Materials and Methods: A. planci was collected from Ternate Island, North Moluccas, extracted with distilled methanol, partitioned with gradient chloroform-hexane-water and fractionated in column chromatography using silica gel and gradient hexane-ethyl acetate. Profiling chemical constituent was done by thin layer chromatograpahy and GC-MS. The immunomodulator activity was measured based on percentage of phagocytic capacity (PC) and phagocytic index (PI). Results: The result showed that 3 partition fractions exhibited immunomodulator activity. Data analysis exhibited that the best fraction was hexane fraction, and the best dosesmost effective doses of PC and PI were at 0.5 mg/kg body weight (BW) and 0.7 mg/kg BW, respectively. Data analysis of the 3 hexane fractions exhibited that the best fraction was fraction 3 and the best doses of PC was at 0.5 mg/kg BW and that of PI was at 0.7 mg/kg BW. Metabolites analysis using GC-MS yielded a number of chemical constituents of fraction 2 dan fraction 3 that dominated by unsaturated fatty acid. The study concluded that star fish A. planci from Ternate Island has a potential source of immunomodulator.

}, keywords = {Acanthaster planci, Immunomodulatory, North moluccas, Phagocytic capacity, Phagocytic index, Ternate island}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.5.161}, author = {M Janib Achmad and Alim Isnansetyo and Noer Kasanah and Ustadi} } @article {34, title = {Immunomodulatory Activity of Atalantia monophylla DC. roots}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {01/2015}, pages = {37-43}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {37}, abstract = {

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of the roots of Atalantia monophylla. In the present study Pet. Ether, Chloroform and Methanolic fractions of the ethanolic extract of the roots of Atalantia monophylla, were administered orally, in the doses of 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity. Materials and Methods: The Methanolic fraction showed most significant effect when compared with control group, in the dose of 30 mg/kg, in the E.Coli induced abdominal sepsis and Carbon Clearence Test as models for non-specific immune response. In the models of the Specific immune response, cell mediated immune response to SRBC-delayed type of hypersensitivity (DTH) the methanolic fraction in the dose 30 mg/kg, when compared with control group, showed most significant effect on decrease in footpad edema after treatment. Results: Humoral immune response was assessed by Sheep erythrocyte agglutination test, in which the Methanolic fraction of Atalantia monophylla in the dose of 30 mg/kg showed most significant (p\<0.05) increase in antibody titer after treatment when compared with control group. Conclusion: The present investigation reports that the Methanolic fraction of the ethanolic extract of the roots of Atalantia monophylla, in the dose of 30 mg/kg showed most significant immunomodulatory activity.

}, keywords = {Atalantia monophylla, Cell-mediated immune response, Humoral immune response, Immunomodulatory, Phagocytosis}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2015.7.4}, author = {VR Patil and VM Thakare and VS Joshi} } @article {1459, title = {Immunomodulatory Activity of Atalantia monophylla DC. roots}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {27th Nov, 2014}, pages = {37-43}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {37}, abstract = {

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of the roots of Atalantia monophylla. In the present study Pet. Ether, Chloroform and Methanolic fractions of the ethanolic extract of the roots of Atalantia monophylla, were administered orally, in the doses of 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity. Materials and Methods: The Methanolic fraction showed most significant effect when compared with control group, in the dose of 30 mg/kg, in the E.Coli induced abdominal sepsis and Carbon Clearence Test as models for non-specific immune response. In the models of the Specific immune response, cell mediated immune response to SRBC - delayed type of hypersensitivity (DTH) the methanolic fraction in the dose 30 mg/kg, when compared with control group, showed most significant effect on decrease in footpad edema after treatment. Results: Humoral immune response was assessed by Sheep erythrocyte agglutination test, in which the Methanolic fraction of Atalantia monophylla in the dose of 30 mg/kg showed most significant (p\<0.05) increase in antibody titer after treatment when compared with control group. Conclusion: The present investigation reports that the Methanolic fraction of the ethanolic extract of the roots of Atalantia monophylla, in the dose of 30 mg/kg showed most significant immunomodulatory activity.

Key words:Atalantia monophylla, Immunomodulatory, Phagocytosis, Cell-mediated immune response, Humoral immune response.

}, keywords = {Atalantia monophylla, Cell-mediated immune response, Humoral immune response., Immunomodulatory, Phagocytosis}, author = {V. R. Patil and V. M. Thakare and V.S. Joshi} }